# make-plural

> Unicode CLDR pluralization rules as JavaScript functions

Latest version **8.1.0** (published 2025-12-29) · Unicode-DFS-2016 license · 0 weekly downloads

## Install

```sh
npm install make-plural
pnpm add make-plural
yarn add make-plural
bun add make-plural
```

## Health

**Score 50/100 (C)** — status: stable.

Positive: esm support; no vulnerabilities.

Warnings: low downloads; no types.

## Facts

| | |
|---|---|
| Version | 8.1.0 |
| Published | 2025-12-29 |
| First published | 2014-09-21 |
| Weekly downloads | 0 |
| License | Unicode-DFS-2016 |
| TypeScript types | none |
| Module format | ESM |
| Dependencies | 0 |
| Unpacked size | 294.3 KB |
| Known vulnerabilities | 0 |
| Install scripts | no |
| GitHub stars | 71 |
| Author | Eemeli Aro |
| Maintainers | eemeli |
| Keywords | unicode, cldr, i18n, internationalization, pluralization |

## Links

- npm: https://www.npmjs.com/package/make-plural
- Repository: https://github.com/eemeli/make-plural
- Homepage: https://github.com/eemeli/make-plural#readme
- Issues: https://github.com/eemeli/make-plural/issues
- npm.io page: https://npm.io/package/make-plural

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## Recent versions

- 8.1.0 (latest) — 2025-12-29
- 8.0.0 — 2025-12-28
- 7.5.0 — 2025-12-28
- 7.4.0 — 2024-04-26
- 7.3.0 — 2023-05-03
- 7.2.0 — 2022-11-16
- 7.1.0 — 2022-02-06
- 7.0.0 — 2021-08-27
- 6.2.2 — 2020-08-09
- 6.2.1 — 2020-04-05
- 6.2.0 — 2020-04-05
- 6.1.0 — 2020-03-08
- 6.0.1 — 2019-10-18
- 6.0.0 — 2019-10-17
- 6.0.0-beta.3 — 2019-09-04
- … 33 more at https://npm.io/package/make-plural/versions

## README

# make-plural

`make-plural` provides JavaScript functions determining the pluralization categories of the approximately 220 languages included in the [Unicode CLDR].
In addition to the more commonly considered cardinal plurals (e.g. one book, two books), it also support ordinal plurals (e.g. 1st book, 2nd book, etc).
It's used internally by the [intl-pluralrules] polyfill.

The categorization functions are pre-compiled, require no runtime dependencies, and should compress to about 2.5kB.
The ES modules are designed to work well with tree-shaking, allowing for further size savings.
In order to generate an even smaller file from a subset of all possible language or to otherwise customise the modules, use [make-plural-cli] or [make-plural-compiler].

[intl-pluralrules]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/intl-pluralrules
[unicode cldr]: http://cldr.unicode.org/
[make-plural-cli]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/make-plural-cli
[make-plural-compiler]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/make-plural-compiler

## Installation & Usage

```
npm install make-plural
```

```js
import * as Plurals from 'make-plural/plurals' // or just 'make-plural'
import * as Cardinals from 'make-plural/cardinals'
import * as Examples from 'make-plural/examples'
import * as Ordinals from 'make-plural/ordinals'
import * as Categories from 'make-plural/pluralCategories'
import * as PluralRanges from 'make-plural/ranges'
```

Each of the endpoints is available as ES modules only.
- `Cardinals`, `Ordinals` and `Plurals` each export a set of functions keyed by locale code,
  returning the pluralization category for the input (either a number or a string representation of a number).
  `Plurals` functions also accept a second boolean parameter to return
  the ordinal (`true`) rather than cardinal (`false`, default) plural category.
  For some locales, an additional argument sets the exponent used in compact notation;
  currently, this is only used in Romance languages.
  Note that `Ordinals` includes a slightly smaller subset of locales than `Cardinals` and `Plurals`,
  due to a lack of data in the CLDR.
- `PluralRanges` provides a set of functions similarly keyed by locale code,
  but returning the pliralization category of a numerical range,
  given the corresponding categories of its start and end values as arguments.
- `Categories` has a similar structure,
  but contains for each language an array of the pluralization categories
  the cardinal and ordinal rules that that language's pluralization function may output.
- `Examples` provide sample numeric values for each language's categories.

The object keys are named using the corresponding 2-3 character [language code].
Due to JavaScript identifier restrictions, there is one exception:
Portugese as spoken in Portugal (`pt-PT`; `pt` is Brazilian Portuguese) is available as `pt_PT`.
The transformation used for locale names is available as [safe-identifier] on npm.

[language]: http://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/latest/supplemental/language_plural_rules.html
[language code]: https://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/latest/supplemental/languages_and_scripts.html
[safe-identifier]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/safe-identifier

Tree shaking should be able drop all but the explicitly used functions from the output,
provided that **named rather than wildcard imports** are used.

```js
import { en } from 'make-plural'

en(1) // 'one'
en('1.0') // 'other'
en(2) // 'other'
en(2, true) // 'two' (ordinal)

String(en)
// (n, ord) => {
//   const s = String(n).split('.'), v0 = !s[1], t0 = Number(s[0]) == n, n10 = t0 && s[0].slice(-1), n100 = t0 && s[0].slice(-2);
//   if (ord) return n10 == 1 && n100 != 11 ? 'one'
//     : n10 == 2 && n100 != 12 ? 'two'
//     : n10 == 3 && n100 != 13 ? 'few'
//     : 'other';
//   return n == 1 && v0 ? 'one' : 'other';
// }

import { en as ordinalEn } from 'make-plural/ordinals'

ordinalEn(3) // 'few'

import * as Categories from 'make-plural/pluralCategories'
// { af: { cardinal: [ 'one', 'other' ], ordinal: [ 'other' ] },
//   ak: { cardinal: [ 'one', 'other' ], ordinal: [ 'other' ] },
//   am: { cardinal: [ 'one', 'other' ], ordinal: [ 'other' ] },
//   ar:
//    { cardinal: [ 'zero', 'one', 'two', 'few', 'many', 'other' ],
//      ordinal: [ 'other' ] },
// ...
//   en: {
//       cardinal: [ 'one', 'other' ],
//       ordinal: [ 'one', 'two', 'few', 'other' ]
//     },
// ...
//   zh: { cardinal: [ 'other' ], ordinal: [ 'other' ] },
//   zu: { cardinal: [ 'one', 'other' ], ordinal: [ 'other' ] } }

import { en as rangeEn, ro as rangeRo } from 'make-plural/ranges'

String(rangeEn)
// (start, end) => "other"

String(rangeRo)
// (start, end) => end === "few" ? "few" : end === "one" ? "few" : "other"
```

---
_Source: https://npm.io/package/make-plural · Machine-readable twin of the npm.io package page. Health data is recomputed on every publish._