@azure/core-rest-pipeline v1.17.0
Azure Core HTTP client library for JavaScript (Experimental)
This is the core HTTP pipeline for Azure SDK JavaScript libraries which work in the browser and Node.js. This library is primarily intended to be used in code generated by AutoRest and autorest.typescript
.
Getting started
Requirements
- Node.js version > 8.x
Installation
This package is primarily used in generated code and not meant to be consumed directly by end users.
Key concepts
PipelineRequest
A PipelineRequest
describes all the information necessary to make a request to an HTTP REST endpoint.
PipelineResponse
A PipelineResponse
describes the HTTP response (body, headers, and status code) from a REST endpoint that was returned after making an HTTP request.
SendRequest
A SendRequest
method is a method that given a PipelineRequest
can asynchronously return a PipelineResponse
.
export type SendRequest = (request: PipelineRequest) => Promise<PipelineResponse>;
HttpClient
An HttpClient
is any object that satisfies the following interface to implement a SendRequest
method:
export interface HttpClient {
/**
* The method that makes the request and returns a response.
*/
sendRequest: SendRequest;
}
HttpClient
s are expected to actually make the HTTP request to a server endpoint, using some platform-specific mechanism for doing so.
Pipeline Policies
A PipelinePolicy
is a simple object that implements the following interface:
export interface PipelinePolicy {
/**
* The policy name. Must be a unique string in the pipeline.
*/
name: string;
/**
* The main method to implement that manipulates a request/response.
* @param request The request being performed.
* @param next The next policy in the pipeline. Must be called to continue the pipeline.
*/
sendRequest(request: PipelineRequest, next: SendRequest): Promise<PipelineResponse>;
}
It is similar in shape to HttpClient
, but includes a policy name as well as a slightly modified SendRequest
signature that allows it to conditionally call the next policy in the pipeline.
One can view the role of policies as that of middleware
, a concept that is familiar to NodeJS developers who have worked with frameworks such as Express.
The sendRequest
implementation can both transform the outgoing request as well as the incoming response:
const customPolicy = {
name: "My wonderful policy",
async sendRequest(request: PipelineRequest, next: SendRequest): Promise<PipelineResponse> {
// Change the outgoing request by adding a new header
request.headers.set("X-Cool-Header", 42);
const result = await next(request);
if (response.status === 403) {
// Do something special if this policy sees Forbidden
}
return result;
}
};
Most policies only concern themselves with either the request or the response, but there are some exceptions such as the LogPolicy which logs information from each.
Pipelines
A Pipeline
is an object that manages a set of PipelinePolicy
objects. Its main function is to ensure that policies are executed in a consistent and predictable order.
You can think of policies being applied like a stack (first-in/last-out.) The first PipelinePolicy
is able to modify the PipelineRequest
before any other policies, and it is also the last to modify the PipelineResponse
, making it the closest to the caller. The final policy is the last able to modify the outgoing request, and the first to handle the response, making it the closest to the network.
A Pipeline
satisfies the following interface:
export interface Pipeline {
addPolicy(policy: PipelinePolicy, options?: AddPolicyOptions): void;
removePolicy(options: { name?: string; phase?: PipelinePhase }): PipelinePolicy[];
sendRequest(httpClient: HttpClient, request: PipelineRequest): Promise<PipelineResponse>;
getOrderedPolicies(): PipelinePolicy[];
clone(): Pipeline;
}
As you can see it allows for policies to be added or removed and it is loosely coupled with HttpClient
to perform the real request to the server endpoint.
One important concept for Pipeline
s is that they group policies into ordered phases:
- Serialize Phase
- Policies not in a phase
- Deserialize Phase
- Retry Phase
Phases occur in the above order, with serialization policies being applied first and retry policies being applied last. Most custom policies fall into the second bucket and are not given a phase name.
When adding a policy to the pipeline you can specify not only what phase a policy is in, but also if it has any dependencies:
export interface AddPolicyOptions {
beforePolicies?: string[];
afterPolicies?: string[];
afterPhase?: PipelinePhase;
phase?: PipelinePhase;
}
beforePolicies
are policies that the new policy must execute before and afterPolicies
are policies that the new policy must happen after. Similarly, afterPhase
means the policy must only execute after the specified phase has occurred.
This syntax allows custom policy authors to express any necessary relationships between their own policies and the built-in policies provided by @azure/core-rest-pipeline
when creating a pipeline using createPipelineFromOptions
.
Implementers are also able to remove policies by name or phase, in the case that they wish to modify an existing Pipeline
without having to create a new one using createEmptyPipeline
. The clone
method is particularly useful when recreating a Pipeline
without modifying the original.
After all other constraints have been satisfied, policies are applied in the order which they were added.
Examples
Examples can be found in the samples
folder.
Next steps
You can build and run the tests locally by executing rushx test
. Explore the test
folder to see advanced usage and behavior of the public classes.
Troubleshooting
If you run into issues while using this library, please feel free to file an issue.
Contributing
If you'd like to contribute to this library, please read the contributing guide to learn more about how to build and test the code.
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