@peapodtech/peapodos NPM

PeaPod OS

Main software for PeaPod.

A cloud-connected isolated and automated plant growth environment, able to generate any environment from a combination of independent environment parameters.

Designed as both a hassle-free food production system and a research tool for precise and distributed mapping of the plant-environment relationship.

Background

Production

Setting Up Raspberry Pi

The following are performed on a computer:

Format a microSD card (>=4GB) with a single FAT partition.
Download the Raspberry Pi Imager (Download).
Flash the SD card with a Raspberry Pi OS Lite image.

Note: In Future, a custom PeaPod Raspberry Pi OS Lite image will be released with steps 5, 6, and 12 already complete.

Plug in a keyboard and display, insert the microSD card, and power the Raspberry Pi device.

The following are performed on the Raspberry Pi, with a keyboard and monitor:

Login with the default username (pi) and password (raspberry).
Execute sudo raspi-config and perform these steps to setup the Pi:
1. System Options > Wireless Lan - Setup WiFi and connect to the Internet
2. System Options > Hostname - Set a unique host name (e.g. john-peapod)
3. System Options > Boot/Auto Login - Select Console Autologin
4. Interface Options > SSH - Enable SSH Server
5. Interface Options > Serial Port - Disable serial login shell, but Enable the serial port hardware
6. Performance Options > GPU Memory - 256 (MB)
7. Localisation Options > Locale (i.e. en_US.UTF-8)
8. Localisation Options > Timezone (i.e. US > Eastern)
9. Localisation Options > Keyboard (i.e. Generic 105-key > English (US) > Default > No compose key)
10. Optional: Advanced Options > Expand Filesystem
11. Reboot to save: sudo reboot

You can now SSH into the Raspberry Pi to perform the rest of the setup (ssh pi@peapod.local, or with VS Code)
Note: In Future, steps 7-11 will be performed at runtime. 7. Update Packages: 1. Update package listings, upgrade existing packages: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y 2. Install Node.JS, the Node package manager, and avrdude: sudo apt-get install -y nodejs npm avrdude python3-venv (could take a while) 3. Install main software package: sudo npm i -g @peapodtech/peapodos --save

Install PlatformIO Core with python3 -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/platformio/platformio/master/scripts/get-platformio.py)"

Create a custom configuration file for the AVR flash utility avrdude to be able to program the Arduino Nano via ICSP over the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins:

Create a local copy of the avrdude configuration file with cp /etc/avrdude.conf ~/software/microcontroller/avrdude_gpio.conf, then modify your copy with nano ~/software/microcontroller/avrdude_gpio.conf. Copy the following to the end of the file:
```
# Raspberry Pi GPIO configuration for avrdude.
programmer
  id    = "peapod";
  desc  = "Use the Linux sysfs interface to bitbang GPIO lines";
  type  = "linuxgpio";
  reset = 5;
  sck   = 6;
  mosi  = 12;
  miso  = 13;
;
```
(Ctrl-O to save, Ctrl-X to exit)

Verify the configuration and connection to the Arduino with sudo avrdude -p m328p -C/avrdude_gpio.conf -c peapod -v. A successful output should look something like:

avrdude: Version 6.3-20171130
     Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Brian Dean, http://www.bdmicro.com/
     Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Joerg Wunsch

     System wide configuration file is "/home/pi/avrdude_gpio.conf"
     User configuration file is "/root/.avrduderc"
     User configuration file does not exist or is not a regular file, skipping

     Using Port                    : unknown
     Using Programmer              : peapod
     AVR Part                      : ATmega328P
     Chip Erase delay              : 9000 us
     PAGEL                         : PD7
     BS2                           : PC2
     RESET disposition             : dedicated
     RETRY pulse                   : SCK
     serial program mode           : yes
     parallel program mode         : yes
     Timeout                       : 200
     StabDelay                     : 100
     CmdexeDelay                   : 25
     SyncLoops                     : 32
     ByteDelay                     : 0
     PollIndex                     : 3
     PollValue                     : 0x53
     Memory Detail                 :

                              Block Poll               Page                       Polled
       Memory Type Mode Delay Size  Indx Paged  Size   Size #Pages MinW  MaxW   ReadBack
       ----------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
       eeprom        65    20     4    0 no       1024    4      0  3600  3600 0xff 0xff
       flash         65     6   128    0 yes     32768  128    256  4500  4500 0xff 0xff
       lfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
       hfuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
       efuse          0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
       lock           0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0  4500  4500 0x00 0x00
       calibration    0     0     0    0 no          1    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00
       signature      0     0     0    0 no          3    0      0     0     0 0x00 0x00

     Programmer Type : linuxgpio
     Description     : Use the Linux sysfs interface to bitbang GPIO lines
     Pin assignment  : /sys/class/gpio/gpio{n}
       RESET   =  8
       SCK     =  11
       MOSI    =  10
       MISO    =  9

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e950f (probably m328p)
avrdude: safemode: lfuse reads as FF
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as DA
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FD

avrdude: safemode: lfuse reads as FF
avrdude: safemode: hfuse reads as DA
avrdude: safemode: efuse reads as FD
avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK (E:FD, H:DA, L:FF)

avrdude done.  Thank you.

Perform first-time flashing with ~/.platformio/penv/bin/platformio run -d ~/software/microcontroller/ --target upload
Edit the sudoers file to allow avrdude to be executed using sudo without a password:
1. Open the sudoers file: sudo visudo
2. Add the following line to the end (assuming your username is pi, the hostname is peapod, and the avrdude binary is located at /usr/bin/avrdude):
  pi peapod = (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/avrdude
  (Ctrl-O to save, Ctrl-X to exit; avrdude can be located with whereis avrdude)
Install the UV4L camera library:
1. curl https://www.linux-projects.org/listing/uv4l_repo/lpkey.asc | sudo apt-key add -
2. Add the package listings: echo "deb https://www.linux-projects.org/listing/uv4l_repo/raspbian/stretch stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/uv4l.list
3. Update packages: sudo apt-get update
4. Install the core library, the Raspberry Pi driver, extra scripts, adn WebRTC support: sudo apt-get install uv4l uv4l-raspicam uv4l-raspicam-extras uv4l-webrtc-armv6
Populate a .env file with Firebase and Google and/or GitHub auth keys (a template is provided as .env.template), as well as the field SERIALPORT="/dev/ttyS0" (Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W GPIO mini-UART).
Run the main program by executing peapodos.

Development

Arduino Test Suite

To run the PlatformIO Arduino test suite: ~/.platformio/penv/bin/platformio test -d ~/software/microcontroller/

Raspberry Pi Serial Testing

To test the GPIO serial port (/dev/ttyS0), connect GPIO pins 8 and 10 (TX and RX) and execute the following: 1. Install the Python package manager pip: sudo apt-get install pip 2. Install the Serial package pyserial: pip install pyserial 3. Execute the test script: python ~/PeaPod/software/tests/serialTest.py

Correct output should look like:

Serial port '/dev/ttyS0' ready for test:
Sent 20 bytes: 'Testing Raspberry Pi GPIO serial port ...'
Received 20 bytes: 'Testing Raspberry Pi GPIO serial port ...'
Port '/dev/ttyS0' is is setup correctly!

Build from Source

Install TypeScript language support and compiler, as well as a Node build tool: sudo npm install -g typescript
Clone source
Navigate to software/ folder
Build the serialport package from source: sudo npm install serialport --unsafe-perm --build-from-source
Install all other Node dependencies: npm i
Compile the source with tsc and execute with node .