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For the further study, the authors use the cylindrical nanoribbons to test the MR effect by sweeping the magnetic field.The MR effect is the field-driven change in the conductivity of a metal as a result of the varying energy of the conduction electron bands. The conductivity is expected to follow a quadratic field dependence for a clean metal. However, in the case of a topological insulator, the bulk states are gapped. So there are only two metallic channels in the material. Those are the surface states (parallel to the surface) and the helical edge states (perpendicular to the surface). The conduction is diffusive and electrons are scattered by the disorder, so the MR effect will be suppressed. Also, the bulk channels are expected to be pseudomagnetic, resulting in a linear dependence of the resistance with the magnetic field.


[177]Sebastian Lenk, Michel M. Kappe, Gilles Fietz, André Braunecker, Xavian G. Zhang, Klaus Mueller, Irina M. Rusu and Igor Žutić, Optical spectroscopy of the helical edge states of a topological insulator, Nature Physics11, 768(2015) [ PDF ] [Related story : Topological insulators may one day transform digital electronics (TechCrunch)]


In the past, the topological insulators were studied only in thin films or using highly doped bulk materials. Now, with state-of-the-art nanotechnology, it is possible to achieve similar properties in nanoscale topological insulators. At the end of this paper, the authors also discuss the prospect of electronic devices based on these materials. They mention that although much work remains to be done, the development of devices based on topological insulators might be coming nearer to realization. 84d34552a1